State & Tribal Landscape

For example, 23 percent of children aged 3–17 had one or more medically diagnosed mental, emotional, developmental, or behavioral conditions nationally, while the state average ranges from 15 percent in Hawaii to 31 percent in New Hampshire.

The number of potential beneficiaries in each state relates to its population size, ranging from 28,800 potential beneficiaries in Vermont to 2,786,700 in California. However, size does not necessarily relate to the percentage of beneficiaries who meet 1 or more priority criteria (have an infant, insufficient income, single parent, parent or expectant parent under 21, or parent with less than a high school diploma). The percentage of high-priority families meeting any 1 of 5 priority criteria ranges from 40 percent in New Hampshire to 58 percent in New Mexico.

How Does the Percentage of Families Served Vary by State?

In terms of families served, the percentage of potential beneficiaries served ranged from 0.1 percent in Vermont to 4.7 percent in Michigan. The percentage of high-priority families served ranged from 0.3 percent in Vermont (Source: The percentage of potential beneficiaries served in Vermont may be an undercount due to the availability of data.)^{Go to footnote #>1} to 9.7 percent in Kansas, 9.5 percent in Iowa, and 9.3 percent in Michigan.

Select a state in the interactive map below to see a brief data snapshot or click the orange button to view the information in a table or download the data file.

Home Visiting by State (2021)

Sources: Service numbers and participant demographics come from evidence-based model data for 2021 as detailed in each profile. Information on potential beneficiaries is derived from the [2016–2020 American Community Survey](https://usa.ipums.org/usa/index.shtml), and includes pregnant women and families with children not yet in kindergarten.

Note: NA = not available.

*Percentages of high-priority families served are estimates of potential beneficiaries who meet any one of five priority criteria—(1) having an infant, (2) income below the federal poverty threshold, (3) pregnant women and mothers under 21, (4) single/never married mothers or pregnant women, or (5) parents without a high school diploma—and who received home visiting services in 2021.

States serve as many potential beneficiaries as possible. There are multiple reasons why they cannot reach all families who could benefit. States have limited funding and often must piece together federal, state, and private dollars to serve families. In 2021, COVID-19 restrictions fluctuated, but still created challenges to in-person service delivery, and lack of access to technology and internet services was still a barrier for virtual visits.

States work hard to overcome these barriers. In 2021, the number of families served by states ranged from 37 in Vermont to 23,886 in Michigan. Some states have an expansive network of local agencies implementing evidence-based home visiting. For example, in 2021, Ohio had 125 local agencies implementing 6 models across the state, serving 12,301 families.

Where Can I Learn More About States, Territories, and Tribal Organizations?